Dry Eye Syndrome

Dry eye is a condition that occurs when there is insufficient production of tears or when tears evaporate too quickly. Tears keep the eye moist and are essential for clear vision. The condition is commonly seen in the elderly (especially in women) but can also occur at any age. Dry eye is associated with immune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, eyelid infections and allergies. It can occur in patients taking medications such as antihistamines, nasal decongestants and antidepressants. Infrequent blinking during prolonged computer use can also cause dry eye symptoms. 

The first line of therapy for dry eye is the use of artificial tears or gels. They help lubricate the eye and replace the natural tears. Avoid direct wind contact and wear protective glasses when outdoors. Allow your eyes to rest when reading or working on the computer for prolonged periods of time. 

Any underlying cause of dry eye needs to be treated. Medications that are prescribed include anti-inflammatory drops (corticosteroids or cyclosporine). In some patients, supplements containing omega-3 fatty acids may help relieve the symptoms. Another option is the use of punctal plugs inserted in the drainage holes of the eyelid, which will block the drainage of tears from the eye to the nose. 

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